Different recovery mechanisms are activated during the production from reservoirs. Wells sometimes are kept with the injection. Therefore the evaluation of injection indices depended on material injection, seems to be necessary. This study is going to determine the drive indices for a reservoir by making a model using Eclipse. The model consists a gas cap and aquifer, in which there is an injection well used to show water drive index. The summation of reservoir drive indices is equal to one and changing in one drive index can cause changes in the other drive indices. The relation between the all exciting drives and their effects on each other were shown by changing the production conditions in the model. A second model was simulated to know the effects of gas injection process, which is used to keep pressure and production from the reservoir. The role of effective parameters, including gas oil ratio and water cut in 3000 days, were evaluated in the second model. The optimum gas injection rate and influence of drive indices in the simulated field were obtained from the results of this work.

The temperature difference between the pure and impure water on the two sides of a membrane can lead to water purification. The asymmetry of molecular kinetic energy on both sides of the membrane causes pure water to move from the hot side to the cold one. In this research, a carbon nanotube membrane filtration system based on the temperature difference between water sources has been investigated by the molecular dynamics Simulation method. The effect of various factors has been investigated. The Simulation results confirm the possibility of using a thermal driving force for water purification with carbon nanotubes. The results show that by increasing the hot source temperature, the water passage and the purification speed increase. Such that increasing the temperature difference between sources from 15 to 60 K increases the water purification rate by 30%. Simultaneously, the possibility of impurities passing through the nanotube also increases. Increasing the impurity concentration slows down the purification process. Increasing the diameter of the nanotube up to 15 Å increases the water purification rate. In nanotubes with a diameter of less than 15 Å, 100% of impurities are removed. Among the examined nanotubes, the best performance was obtained for the armchair carbon nanotube.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal problems are the common complaints of patients refer to internal medicine clinics and the pain is the most important of them. There are different physiotherapy methods for reduction of pain and action potential Simulation therapy (APS therapy) is one of newest methods. The aim of this study was to determine reduction of pain with APS therapy. Materials & Methods: In 47 patients with different musculoskeletal pain APS therapy performed in 6 days each for 16 minutes and with current of 0.7-1.2 mA. Pain (VAS), Global functional status (ACR) and relief of pain (VAS) before and after study compared.Results: APS therapy reduced pain (p<0.001) and increased Global functional status (p<0.001) and increased relief of pain (p<0.005) but there was not any correlation between this reduction of pain with APS therapy and educational status and past history of physiotherapy and duration of illness in these patients.Conclusion: APS therapy is a useful physiotherapy modality for reduction of pain in musculoskeletal problems.

Bazaars are among the few historical buildings that still continue to operate. The Bazaar in a city has been important not only from economic aspects but also from cultural and social aspects. Today, the empty space of such urban spaces, which can become a lasting space by creating a sense of belonging and peace, while meeting the needs of today's people, is felt very much. Sound is one of the main factors in creating memories in the human mind. In order to investigate the role of sound in the traditional architecture of Iran, a research was conducted in the Vakil Bazzar of Shiraz. The final goal of this research is to investigate the quantitative and qualitative conditions of the sound using sound meter software in the Vakil Bazzar of Shiraz. The permissible level of noise pollution in urban spaces is 60 decibels based on the resolution of the Supreme Council of Environmental Protection of Iran for commercial areas. The results of this research indicate that in the quietest conditions, the noise pollution for at least 33% of the Bazzar space is higher than the maximum allowed amount of noise pollution. How to improve the sound conditions in Vakil Bazzar, such as reducing noise by creating a masking sound source, creating a pond and a fountain, is one of the most important results of this research.

driving Permits Such as different types of driving certification are considered as a important and effective factor in transportation process. And, in fact legitimate starting of driving activity is by mentioned Permits. The accurate study of the role and share of these driving Permits on accidents and hazards can provide necessary decisions by related officials and government. This study examines descriptively the role of different driving Permits on damaging, injury and fatal accident at five years by using of available documents on diffent centers of traffice Police. The results of this study represents that B1 driving certificate holder with legal restrications and rarely presentation among others, have the most important role on injury and fatal hazards and also some reasons such as crossing traffic red light, moving contrary to right direction and crossing forbidden area among culpable drivers of motorcycle certificate holder are 2/5, 10, 5/5 more than other driving Permits.

Introduction: Encountering soil from the viewpoint of management and product manufacturing has always been considered important, and an attempt is always made hat the tools and contrasting methods of soil be designed in such a way that itself prevents, as much as possible, the destructive consequences or energy waste that include economical or environmental limitations. Enhancing the soil encountering methods, quality reformation, and its related equipment, requires performing reliable tests in actual soil conditions. Considering the complexity and variety of variables in soil and machine contrast, this is a hard task. ...

Background: Traffic accidents are one of the most important factors contributing to the deaths and injuries of humans around the world. One of the factors causing traffic accidents is hotspots, which increase the possibility of crashes occurring due to the kind of path geometry. One of the ways of preventing crashes and increasing drivers' caution is to utilize technologies such as a hotspot warning system.Objectives: In this study, the impact of this system on narrowing the road was examined on the drivers' behavior in both clear and foggy weather.Methods: This experimental study was performed on a simulator with 40 drivers, including men and women. The warning system is an audio and visual kind, so a hotspot was shown in the path of the map on the system screen, and the driver received an alarm. The range in this scenario includes prewarning, from a warning to the onset of a hotspot, a hotspot zone, and after-warning. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20, and the significant level of tests was considered 0.05.Results: The results indicated that a hotspot warning system could affect the drivers' performance, and this effect was observed in variables including speed, steering angle, deceleration, and gas pedal performance. Moreover, the driver's behavior was significant in both clear and foggy weather.Conclusion: These findings can be used to correct the warning locations and times in the hotspot warning systems when approaching a narrow road.